Cardiology

This content has been prepared for informational purposes to protect public health, in compliance with the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey and medical ethical rules. It does not provide any diagnosis, treatment guarantees, or specific medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare provider for the most accurate information. Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. Affecting millions worldwide, this chronic condition can be managed with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This comprehensive guide covers the symptoms, causes, diagnostic methods, and current treatment options for heart failure. What is Heart Failure? # Heart failure occurs when the heart’s pumping function is impaired, preventing organs and tissues from receiving adequate blood and oxygen. This condition is also known as “congestive heart failure” because it often presents with fluid accumulation (congestion) in the body.

This content has been prepared for informational purposes to protect public health, in compliance with the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey and medical ethical rules. It does not provide any diagnosis, treatment guarantees, or specific medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare provider for the most accurate information. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This condition develops due to narrowing or blockage in the arteries that supply the heart and can be controlled with early diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive guide examines the causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and current treatment options for coronary artery disease. What is Coronary Artery Disease? # Coronary arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle (myocardium). Coronary artery disease occurs when plaque buildup due to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) causes narrowing or blockage in these vessels.

This content has been prepared for informational purposes to protect public health, in compliance with the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey and medical ethical rules. It does not provide any diagnosis, treatment guarantees, or specific medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare provider for the most accurate information. Cardiac arrhythmias are conditions that develop when the heart’s normal electrical conduction system is disrupted. The heart may beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. This comprehensive guide examines different types of arrhythmias, their symptoms, diagnostic methods, and current treatment options. What is a Cardiac Arrhythmia? # Normal heart rhythm is regulated by electrical impulses originating from the sinus node. These impulses spread to the heart chambers, enabling coordinated contraction. Normal resting heart rate is 60-100 beats per minute.

This content has been prepared in accordance with healthcare regulations and medical ethics standards to protect and inform public health. It does not contain any diagnosis, treatment guarantee, or referral. Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure performed by vascular surgery and cardiovascular surgery specialists. Please consult a qualified healthcare facility for the most accurate information. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical procedure to remove atherosclerotic plaque buildup from the inner wall of the carotid artery in the neck. This surgery prevents blockage of blood flow to the brain and significantly reduces the risk of stroke. This comprehensive guide covers what carotid endarterectomy is, who is a candidate, how it is performed, its risks, and alternatives. What Is Carotid Endarterectomy? # Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the surgical removal of atherosclerotic plaque from inside the carotid artery, one of the main arteries in the neck. These plaques are accumulations of cholesterol, calcium, and fibrous tissue that cause narrowing of the artery over time.